Atul sarode.

Fossil fuels, especially crude oil formed through geological processes over millions of years, have become both a blessing and a major concern for the modern world. Today, the global economy, industries, transportation, and everyday life depend heavily on this resource. As a result, crude oil has become the center of global politics, conflicts, and competition for dominance. If we look back at history, the formation of crude oil is a process that began millions of years ago. Ancient plants, microorganisms, and marine life were buried under the earth or at the bottom of oceans after they died. Over time, layers of soil and rocks accumulated above them. Due to immense pressure and heat, these organic materials slowly transformed into crude oil and natural gas. Because this process takes such an extremely long time, crude oil is considered a limited natural resource. Due to movements of the Earth's crust and geological changes, large oil reserves formed in certain regions of the world...

After the Second World War, the world entered the period known as the Cold War. During that time, the ideological conflict between capitalism and communism had a profound influence on global politics. The world was largely divided around two superpowers — the United States and the Soviet Union. Although the Cold War formally ended, the conflict of ideologies has not completely disappeared. Today, it seems to be emerging again in a different and transformed form. In contemporary global politics, we often see discussions revolving around Iran, other Islamic countries, and the politics surrounding oil resources. However, this conflict is not limited only to religion or oil. In reality, the type of government and ideology that rules a country, and whether it benefits or threatens the political and economic interests of powerful nations like the United States, often determines how that country is perceived or treated internationally. Thus, conflicts presented in the name of religion freque...

February 14 — the world was celebrating Valentine’s Day. Flowers, greetings, messages, and public declarations of love filled social media. Yet at the same time, in another corner of the world, there were reports of violence, war, racism, political hatred, and growing intolerance. Incidents emerging from powerful nations like the United States disturb the mind. In such a moment, a question arises — were the final words spoken by  Jesus Christ  on the cross truly words of love and forgiveness? “Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do.” This sentence has become immortal in history. There is no revenge in it, no hatred — only compassion.  But when we look at what is happening in the world today, we are compelled to ask — have we truly preserved that legacy of forgiveness and love?  Standing before this question is Gautama Buddha . He taught: “Hatred does not cease by hatred; it ceases only by love.” His teachings of loving-kindness (Metta) and compass...

 Today’s world is engulfed in violence, war, terrorism, racial discrimination, and social tension. In a powerful country like the United States, militarization, war strategies, and internal social conflicts have a deep impact on society. In such a context, the peace walk undertaken by Buddhist monks in the United States assumes profound and far-reaching significance. Buddhist philosophy is founded on non-violence, compassion, loving-kindness, and the Noble Eightfold Path. The peace walk of Buddhist monks is not merely a protest; it is a moral and spiritual message in motion . Without hatred, aggressive slogans, or confrontation, the silent and disciplined walk touches the conscience of society. The growing gun culture, racial tensions, and war-oriented mindset in the United States have made human life increasingly insecure. At such a time, the monks’ peace walk compels people to pause and reflect— is violence truly the solution to human problems? This walk firmly conveys that tr...

Savitribai Phule. (3 january 1831 - 10 march 1897) From the discovery of agriculture to the emergence of human civilization, we see a woman at the center of everything. According to the natural order, from primitive times, the institutions of family and society were matriarchal in nature. In a matriarchal system, there was no place for exploitation; love, compassion, and nurturing care were its core values. However, over time, due to male ego, this matriarchal system was dismantled and replaced by a patriarchal structure. From that point onward, the family institution—and consequently society itself—began to deteriorate. The extreme outcome of this system was the reduction of women to mere objects of consumption. This mindset became deeply ingrained. In India, there was even the cruel practice of sati, where a woman was forced to die along with her deceased husband. To liberate women from these oppressive chains and mental slavery, a woman emerged in the modern era—Savitribai Phule. Sa...

In the latter half of the 20th century, major changes took place in the global economic system. These changes are known as New Liberal (Neo-liberal) Capitalism . After the 1980s, this economic ideology was widely adopted in the United States, Europe, and developing countries. In India, after 1991, the policies of liberalization, privatization, and globalization made this system more influential. The central idea of new liberal capitalism is reducing the role of the state and giving greater freedom to the market system . The private sector was encouraged in industries, trade, and services. As a result, economic growth accelerated, productivity increased, and direct connections with the global market were established. One of the important features of new liberal capitalism is the free market system, where prices are determined by demand and supply. Privatization is another key feature, with increased private participation in sectors such as education, healthcare, banking, and transport...

If one asks, “Who is the greatest person who influenced the entire world through the path of righteousness and whose impact remains eternal across ages?”—in my view, the indisputable answer is Buddha. Even after more than two and a half millennia, the universal relevance of Lord Buddha and his philosophy has not diminished. The Tathagata, an unparalleled debater of his time, engaged in dialectical discussions with contemporary thinkers and conversed directly with the common masses, thereby spreading the noble Dhamma—the path of liberation from suffering. After Buddha’s Parinirvana, the Dhamma spread rapidly across the world. Many rulers of that era adopted and actively supported the Dhamma. Since Buddha himself did not write any scripture, systematic interpretation and codification of his teachings became necessary. Therefore, under the patronage of rulers like Ajatshatru, Kalashoka, Ashoka, and Kanishka, Buddhist Councils were organized from time to time. Later, the kings of Myanmar a...